NEWS CENTER
NEWS CENTER
The air spring is a commonly used elastic element on the air suspension, which is generally made of rubber and has good airtightness and compressibility. After the compressed air is injected, the compressibility of the gas is used to realize the function similar to the spring. In addition to air suspension, air spring is also widely used in many machine equipment and building base vibration isolation.
Compared with other springs, the air spring has light weight, small internal friction, and good vibration isolation and noise elimination ability in high-frequency vibration. In addition, the air spring can achieve ideal variable stiffness characteristics by adjusting the internal pressure. When the load acting on the spring increases, the gas in the closed container is compressed, the air pressure increases, and the spring stiffness increases; On the contrary, when the load decreases, the gas pressure inside the container decreases and the spring stiffness decreases accordingly. Therefore, when the air spring is applied to the vehicle suspension, the natural frequency of the body can basically remain unchanged even if the load is different.
In general, common air springs can be divided into four types: capsule type, membrane type, compound type and hydro pneumatic type.
1. Bladder air spring
The bladder type air spring is composed of rubber air bag with cord and compressed air enclosed in it. It can be divided into single section type and multi section type. Steel waist ring is designed between sections to prevent radial expansion of the middle part. At the same time, in order to prevent friction between adjacent sections, the upper and lower cover plates of the air bag seal the air bag.
Generally speaking, the more the number of sections of the bladder air spring, the better the elasticity. This may affect the airtightness of the airbag to some extent, and also sacrifice the lateral support force of the vehicle. In addition, higher air pressure is required for support.
The bladder type air spring is generally used in freight cars and some special occasions, especially in the lifting axle.
2. Diaphragm air spring
The airtight air bag of the membrane air spring is composed of a rubber diaphragm and a metal pressing part. Compared with the bladder type air spring, the membrane type air spring can support the weight of the vehicle body under lower air pressure, and also has stronger torsion resistance. The elastic characteristic curve is relatively ideal, and it has stronger comfort and support under the same environment. The structural design is also simpler, the adjustable height range is larger, and the service life is longer.
At present, membrane air springs are mostly used in chassis suspension of trucks, trailers and some cars.
3. Compound air spring
In brief, the composite air spring is a type of air spring between the capsule type and the membrane type. It combines the advantages of the above two air springs, but the manufacturing process is complex and the cost is relatively high.
4. Hydro pneumatic air spring
Oil Gas Spring is a special case of air spring. Like air spring, it uses inert gas as the elastic medium, but it is different from ordinary air spring. It uses hydraulic oil as the force transmission medium, and controls the strength of the spring through the hydraulic principle. It not only has the advantages of variable air spring stiffness, low natural frequency, light weight, etc., but also can bear loads 10-20 times higher than ordinary air springs, Therefore, its size and weight can be significantly reduced under the same load requirements.
Oil Gas Spring was first applied to aircraft landing gear, and then gradually extended to the chassis suspension of military special vehicles and engineering vehicles. Some foreign countries also applied it to heavy vehicles. Although the advantages are obvious, due to its unique structure and complex manufacturing process, the pre cost and subsequent maintenance costs cannot be underestimated.
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